Iwc1 Literature, Arts and Humanities Essay - 10028 Words

IWC1 Test 1.02 Module Pre-Test Question 1: Multiple Choice The historical revival of Classical culture began during the: a) Middle Ages b) Renaissance c) Baroque Era d) Romantic Era Feedback: The correct answer is b. The historical revival of Classical culture began during the Renaissance. Question 2: Multiple Choice Which of the following was a key feature of ancient Chinese humanism? a) An emphasis on theoretical philosophy. b) A subordination of intellectual life to religious faith. c) An elevation of intellectual life over religious faith. d) An establishment of a monastic upper class. Feedback: The correct answer is c. Chinese humanism elevated intellectual life over religious faith. Question 3: Multiple†¦show more content†¦Question 3: Multiple Choice Which of the following American poets helped establish jazz poetry? a) Robert Frost b) Rita Dove c) Maya Angelou d) Langston Hughes Feedback: The correct answer is d. Langston Hughes helped establish jazz poetry. Question 4: Multiple Choice Which of the following is a primary color? a) yellow b) green c) orange d) purple Feedback: The correct answer is a. Yellow is a primary color. Question 5: Multiple Choice A watercolor painting to which an opaque white has been added is called a ________________. a) fresco b) tempera c) gouache d) acrylic Feedback: The correct answer is c. A gouache is a watercolor painting to which an opaque white has been added. Question 6: Multiple Choice Which of the following artistic disciplines fostered Pictorialism? a) Painting b) Printmaking c) Photography d) Landscape Feedback: The correct answer is c. Photography fostered Pictoralism, a movement which used soft focus, special filters and other effects to attempt to match painting and printmaking. Question 7: Multiple Choice What is the exact duplication of elements (shapes, forms, etc) on either side of a central axis? a) Balance b) Symmetry c) Asymmetry d) Focal area Feedback: The correct answer is b. Symmetry is the exact duplication of elements (shapes, forms, etc) on either side of a (usually imaginary) straight-lined central axis. Question 8: Multiple Choice What is a type of kinetic

A Quick Looks Shows Childrens Toys are Gender Specific Essay

Gender roles in toys are overwhelmingly obvious. The breakdown has not changed in so many years that we all comply with and follow without question. Taking a trip to the local Toys R Us store showed me just how obvious the line was drawn for the sexes, showing a specific division of the two. The stores layout clearly establishes the line between girl’s toys and boys toys. There are very few isles that will intermingle within the sexes. For this project I selected the following age groups; infant, preschool and school age with a focus on girls toys. Infant toys were the one age group where the genders comingled. My first selection is the Laugh and Learn Love to Play Sis. This plush dog displays dominate colors of pink and purple, has a†¦show more content†¦Preschool children toys start to really draw a deep line between boy and girl toys. The first toy I found was the Baby Alive. This pink package certainly shows their target audience as female. Hasbro provides three races of these babies, Hispanic, Caucasian and African American. This toy line is marketing to all the little girls that want to be a mommy already. The research of Becky Francis (2010) in â€Å"Gender, Toys and Learning† describe the effect of toys towards a child’s development by gender bias, she shows that girls are given more nurturing toys . The Baby Alive doll shows this bias. These toys are specifically marketed to girls of all races to learn how to take care of a child. Care Bear is another preschool girl specific toy. These plush toys come in many colors, but the only ones on the shelf that day were pink purple. The bears are advertised as cuddly, sweet and made for hugging, which can be targeted to any gender but were only be found in the girl section. I found single isle that had any that can cross over to either gender. First there are the Monster University plush toys, Art Squishy. Both are purple and non suggestive to gender. The toys were advertised to be additions for the movie that came out in 2013. This movie was enjoyed by all ages, genders and races. According to Carol Mansbach Alter â€Å"Disney markets toys in a way that seems to rely on girl’s willingness to cross gender lines†. (The Gender MarketingShow MoreRelatedGender Roles Seen in Toys Essay1860 Words   |  8 PagesGender Roles and Toys By Shawna Robb English 101 Professor Solomon One room has pretty pink wallpaper with a princess border; the other is blue with monster trucks on one-wall and sports pictures on another. It is not hard to tell which room is female and which room is male. Male and female are used in this instance to define genders. Gender, unlike sex, is a universal guideline upon which individuals are placed. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, and activitiesRead MoreEffects Of Gender Roles And Sexuality1755 Words   |  8 PagesFocus topic: The effect of gender roles and sexuality depicted in Disney on children Article 1: Gender Role Portrayal and the Disney Princesses Some of the main research questions of the study can are all related to gender roles, such as ‘What are some gender roles issues that arise and can be depicted in Disney movies?’, ‘How will these films affect the child’s outcome on behaviour and their characteristics?’, ‘Will these films cause any harm to children?’ As well as the question of ‘ShouldRead MoreGender Identity And Gender Roles1861 Words   |  8 Pages​​Gender is defined as whatever behaviors and attitudes a group considers proper for its males and females. Unlike sex, gender is something that we learn from the day we are born. â€Å"Young children begin to acquire gender role stereotypes at about the same time they develop gender identity and by the age of 3 or 4 most children† (Amanda Youmans). Peers, community, media, religion and our upbringing all play a role in the understanding of our culture and what is considered acceptable for males and femalesRead More Television Commercials Designed for the Female Audience Essay3078 Words   |  13 Pagescustomer for the product. Gender, social, and cultural ideologies are often used to influence the audience. The vast array of possible studies on commercials includes gender differences and influences on the development of children, demographic stereotypes and the effects on society, even the use of dialogue and its importance to the advertisement; however, Ive focused on a slightly more narrow path of research and observation. I have narrowed down the comparisons of gender differences to focus onlyRead MoreIn The Fall Of 2016, Covergirl Released A New Campaign1303 Words   |  6 Pagesand has been one of the first males to be publicly recognized for his makeup abilities. James started learning about makeup after his friends requested him do their hair for events. After a few years James set up an Instagram to model some of the looks he created and shortly after created a You Tube for tutorials; he currently has 90,000 subscribers on YouTube and 650,000 on Instagram (). After some questioning comments, CoverGirl simply stated â€Å"All of our CoverGirls are role models and boundary-breakersRead More Gender Stereotyping Of Children Essay2820 Words   |  12 Pagesof toys in their Happy Meal promotions, now offering exclusively Barbie and Hot Wheels as toy options. They were a huge hit, making Happy Meals more popular than ever. â€Å"Is this for a boy or girl?† was added to the list of questions you were asked when ordering. This was one of the beginnings of a new form of marketing that specifically gendered toys and stereotyped interests for each gender (Faust N. Pag.). Advertisements and marketing are not the only influences in perpetuating gender stereotypesRead MoreFood Advertisement Paper2017 Words   |  9 PagesGreat Depression money was scarce and food was important for survival. In order to make money and beat competitors, compani es had to get their products well known and keep their prices low. One way businesses did this was by either sponsoring a radio show or putting their product on paper, which was the beginning of advertising. This was significant since the radio was a new technology that allowed messages to be delivered simultaneously through transmitters with very little delay to everyone who ownedRead MoreEssay about McDonalds Promotional Objectives3101 Words   |  13 PagesPromotional Objectives ================================ The companies’ main objective is to be the family restaurant that people enjoy more. Apart from wanting to be the world’s best quick-service restaurant, McDonalds have the following objectives:  · Development: Lead the Quick Service Restaurant market by a program of site development and profitable restaurant openings, and by attracting new customers. Increasing sales through promotions will enable them to continueRead MoreHeredity vs. Environment in Human Development Essay example2307 Words   |  10 PagesDevelopment is lifelong- Each period of the life span is influenced by what happened before and will affect what is to come. Each period has its own characteristics and value Development Depends on history and context- Each person develops within a specific set of circumstances or conditions defined by time and place. Human beings influence, and are influenced by historical and social context. Responding to physical and social environments but also interact with and change them DevelopmentRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology Notes7715 Words   |  31 PagesDevelopment Sex – sexual anatomy and sexual behaviour Gender – perception of maleness or femaleness related to membership in a given society Week 8 Growing brain The brain grows at a faster rate than any other part of the body. By age 5, child’s brain weighs 90% of average adult brain weight, whereas total body weight is merely 30%. One reason is due to increase in the number of interconnections among cells. These interconnects allow for more complex communication between neurons, permit

Essay on Advantages and Disadvantages of Genetic Manipulation

Advantages and disadvantages of genetically manipulating babies The technology of genetic manipulation is allowing the future to be full of possibilities whether they are improvements or disadvantages. Presently, genetic manipulation is allowing us do amazing things like designing babies. It can allow us to make sure that the future child does not have incurable diseases or genetic disorders, and the features of the baby can almost be selected from its parents. However, many may believe that genetic manipulating to produce designer babies is not an ethical way and natural way to create the baby. People are also questioning whether the parents of the baby have the actual right to genetically manipulating their baby. Using Genetic†¦show more content†¦Charlie Whitaker was a child that suffered from Diamond-Blackfan Anaemia, which was a disorder of his bone marrow. Charlie’s parents want to save him from dying, so they wanted to have a designer baby as their last chance. They were denied in the UK so they went to the United States for their baby. The designer baby was born in 2003, and the stem cells from the umbilical cord were used to treat Charlie. Some might be lucky enough to have the designer baby to save their child but some are not as lucky. Shahana Hashmi, similarly to Charlie’s case, she wanted to have a genetic manipulated baby to save her 4 year old son. However, she was denied in UK because of moral issues and ethical grounds. When she was granted to have the child, she already passed the age of being a mother, making her suffer from watching her son pass away innocently. She said â€Å"our intention was never to create a designer child. It was to create a much loved child who could help his brother.† The technology of designing babies comprises many advantages for generations to come, whether it is for preventing genetic diseases, or save lives with saviour children. On the other hand, there are many issues such as moral issues and gender problems for the technology of genetic manipulating babies. Firstly, if the process of creating the embryo is not done properly, the embryo will be very likely toShow MoreRelatedThe Advantages and Disadvantages of Genetic Manipulation: Transgenic Animals738 Words   |  3 PagesThe Advantages and Disadvantages of Genetic Manipulation: Transgenic Animals Introduction Over the last few years, technology has been constantly developing; it has developed to the point where manipulating genes are possible; mainly used to benefit both ourselves and the society. Genetic Manipulation also commonly known as genetic engineering or genetic modification, according to the dictionary, is defined as the ‘scientific alteration of the structure of genetic material in a living organismRead MoreEssay about Genetic Manipulation or Genetic Engineering952 Words   |  4 PagesGenetic manipulation, also referred to as ‘genetic engineering’ or ‘genetic modification’, is the change of an organism’s gene through the use of modern biotechnology techniques. There are various forms of genetic manipulation, including transgenic organisms, cloning, and gene therapy etc. Transgenic organisms, also known as genetically modified organisms (GMOs), are organisms that possess a foreign gene in its genome. This is achieved through recombinant DNA technology, which involves either theRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Genetic Engineering Essay608 Words   |  3 PagesThe Advantages and Disadvantages of Genetic Engineering Genetic engineering has been a major topic of discussion ever since Dolly the sleep was cloned. Its raises ethical, moral and religious questions due to the fact it is tampering with the makeup of organisms, and certain religions believe it is not our right to do this. Genetic engineering involves the re-arranging of DNA sequences, artificial horizontal gene transfer and cloning. There has been little progressRead MoreAnalyzing Genetic Modification And Gene Technology1279 Words   |  6 Pagesarticle is a well-known and has spent years researching genetic modification and gene technology therefore it is expected to have some credibility. The credibility of the publishers cannot be guaranteed as it is not a very well-known publishing company. There is evidence of cross referencing and the article has been updated so it contains up to date information. Bias This article is partially biased as both advantages and disadvantages of the topic is present but the article also suggests thatRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Developing Genetically Engineered Organisms1120 Words   |  5 PagesThe Advantages and Disadvantages of Developing Genetically Engineered Organisms Genetic engineering is the method of changing organisms characteristics inherited by alerting it genetic material. This often done to cause micro organisms, such as bacteria and viruses, to synthesize increased yields of compounds, to form entirely new compounds, or to adapt to different environments. Other uses of this such of a technology, is known as the recombinant DNA technology, it Read MoreGenetic Engineering Is The Making Of New Genetic Material Of An Organism From Pre Made Material1119 Words   |  5 PagesPeter Miller Mrs. Knetter IB Biology February 23rd 2016 Genetic engineering is the making of new genetic material of an organism from pre-made material. Generically, it uses ancient practises of selecting a certain organism to breed and hybridize. Genetic engineering is done by involving the manipulating the DNA. Restriction enzymes are used produced by different species of bacteria. Vectors are important in the DNA manipulation which carry fragments of DNA from organism to organism calledRead MoreGenetically Modified Food ( Gm Food ) Essay1464 Words   |  6 Pageswith this problem.The food produced on a massive scale, by direct or indirect involvement of genetically manipulated organisms is called genetically modified food. Advancement of Biotechnology resulted in a novel method of artificial genetic manipulation called Genetic engineering. It is primarily based on recombinant DNA technology. It is this technology which is utilized in the production of genetically manipulated organisms (GMO s) that could be involved directly or indirectly in the productionRead MoreTaking a Look at Designer Babies911 Words   |  4 Pagesthat come up when this topic is mentioned. The ethical dilemma of inheritable genetic modification, which is the changing of genes that are passed on to future generations, is humans shouldn’t play God. The production of designer babies is morally wrong. But then again they could help a family and human being from suffering. An advantage of creating designer babies is that they could remove a disease from a family’s genetics. That was one of the goals of the Human Genome project. Scientists wantedRead More Genetic Engineering: Our Key to a Better World Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pages What is genetic engineering one might ask and why is there so much moral controversy surrounding the topic? Genetic engineering as defined by Pete Moore, is the name given to a wide variety of techniques that have one thing in common: they all allow the biologist to take a gene from one cell and insert it into another (SS1). Such techniques included in genetic engineering (both good and bad) are, genetic screening both during the fetal stage and later in life, gene therapy, sex selectionRead MoreGenetic Engineering Research Paper1584 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic engineering Explain how this technology works. Genetic engineering otherwise called genetic modification and can basically be described as the ‘direct manipulation of an organism’s genome’ which is the complete set of genetic material of an animal, plant or other living thing. This direct manipulation works by using modern DNA technology. This ‘involves the introduction of foreign DNA also known as synthetic genes into the organism of interest’ or curiousity. Genetic engineering does not

Essay about Lord of the Flies Evil - 1010 Words

The Power of Evil Evil: A noun meaning profound immorality, wickedness, and depravity. Everyone has a little bit of evil in them, but it’s up to that person if they want to show it or not. In Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, a group of boys show the evil within themselves while being stranded on an island. Because of the situation that has been thrust upon them, they soon discover the true evil they are capable of. In the book, the boys show evil through their lust for power, the behavior that the boys express, and their murderous actions. When the boys first arrive on the island, they are all nothing but British school boys who had lived in society where rules and regulations are established. The rules and regulations,†¦show more content†¦Golding shows this when Jack tells Piggy, â€Å"Shut up, Fatty† (Golding 21). When Jack calls Piggy â€Å"fatty† it shows that Jack has no respect for Piggy and he doesn’t care about his feelings. Also, another example of disrespect is when Samneric betrayed Ralph. At first, Samneric are loyal to Ralph because they felt secure. In the last chapter however, as soon as Jack threatens and tortures the two, they change sides and submit to Jack’s authority and join his tribe. After they were forced to join Jack’s tribe, they betrayed Ralph by telling Jack where he was hiding, â€Å"He meant he’d hide in there?† â€Å"Yes-yes-oh-!† (Golding 192). This is what leads to Samneric selling out Ralph. Last but not least, in Lord of the Flies, murderous actions took place in the story that reveals humans are in fact inherently evil. Simon and Piggy’s death are both pivotal points in the novel. Simon, who is the passive and timid type, awoke to a parachutist in front of him. After seeing this, he then realize that the beast, which the boys have mistaken for, is a harmless object and is not the deadly beast. Soon after, Simon gets killed wh en he tries to tell the other boys that the â€Å"beast† is just only a parachutist. In an attempt to inform the boys, Simon finds them having a feast. The boys are dancing and chanting, caught up some kind of frenzy. The group of boys did another reenactment of a pig hunt when suddenly the boys see a shadowy figureShow MoreRelatedLord of the Flies- Evil948 Words   |  4 PagesEvery human being is savage at heart, no matter how hard they try to oppress it. Evil is an instinct, a part of human kind, but what exactly is evil and what defines it? Mr. Golding believes that evil is intrinsic to human beings; he shows some examples of evil in the Lord of the Flies, in a form called bullying. Bullying increases the bully’s self-confidence, while it lowers the victim’s, in this case Jack harass Piggy to increase his self-assurance. Humans have two desires that conflict with eachRead MoreThe Genesis of Evil in Lord of the Flies1005 Words   |  5 Pageshuman psyche ; the id, ego and superego. William Golding analyzes this further in his novel, Lord of the Flies, which is about a large group of boys that crash-land on a deserted Island after fleeing a dangerous England in the times of WWII. These young boys are used to entertain the idea of savagery vs. civilization and how evil lies deep within us all. After reading Lord of the Flies, it is possible that the evil within the boys is driven by fear, power, and the loss of innocence. To begin, fear isRead MoreGood And Evil In Lord Of The Flies Analysis1207 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Evil Springs from within and that the struggle to maintain civilization depends on the ethical nature of each individual.† - â€Å"Background† Throughout the Lord of the Flies, readers learn that people, including children, are not made of pure goodness. Deep inside there is an evil element consistently trying to rise to the surface of their minds. Golding proves that eventually the evil within the children will destroy them and the good around them. This is also proven in two other pieces of literature;Read MoreLord of the Flies Descriptive Good or Evil1070 Words   |  5 PagesLord of the Flies The novel The Lord of the Flies is based on one significant question that philosophers have been puzzled by for centuries – are humans essentially good, or are they evil? Jean-Jacques Rousseau, a famous French philosopher, theorized that humans are instinctively good, however, when given an aggravating situation, then their minds become warped and are set into a bad state. Thus, humans are naturally good, but it is society that demeans them.Read MoreInherent Good and Evil in Lord of the Flies1585 Words   |  7 PagesInherent Good and Evil in Lord of the Flies The Lord of the Flies by William Golding is tale of a group of young boys who become stranded on a deserted island after their plane crashes. Intertwined in this classic novel are many themes, most that relate to the inherent evil that exists in all human beings and the malicious nature of mankind. In The Lord of the Flies, Golding shows the boys gradual transformation from being civilized, well-mannered people to savage, ritualistic beasts. From theRead MoreGood vs. Evil - Lord of the Flies807 Words   |  4 PagesGood vs. Evil Star Wars, Superman, James Bond—all of these are stories which chronicle the ever-present warfare between good and evil. What exactly is good? How does one describe evil? The answers to these questions are highly subjective, and could be debated for years on end without ever reaching a final conclusion. However, it is widely agreed that each person is inherently born with two sides; one of which is good, the other evil. It is this sense of inherent good and evil in all of us thatRead MoreThe Prominence of Evil in Lord of the Flies, by William Golding799 Words   |  3 PagesIn the dictionary, the definition of evil is morally wrong or bad; malicious. Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, exemplifies how everyone in society is more evil than good and how it can get the best of all. The book actively traces the problems of society back to human nature and savagery that lies within the human race. Golding shows how the lacking parental control no rules, is the downfall of the ir humanity in as much as they lose the characteristics society and civilization gives themRead MoreGood Vs. Evil In Lord Of The Flies And Beowulf944 Words   |  4 PagesPower in all the wrong places Good v. Evil, it’s way more than just a concept, it’s more of a lifelong struggle inside of you. What more could you do when evil is shown all around you? Many of us may see the struggle between good and evil in the people we come across everyday. Flawed individuals may be perceived as good but are bad in the eyes of someone else; it all comes down to how you see it. The exposure to things and memories you make help impact the good in you. In order to further evaluateRead MoreGood Vs. Evil : The Lord Of The Flies And Wwii1450 Words   |  6 PagesKnowledge Good vs. Evil: The use of good and evil in the Lord of the Flies and WWII The Lord of the Flies by William Golding has shocked and stunned most everyone in the world that has read it because of the connections it makes to World War II people and countries. It provides deep insight on how civilization will eventually not exist or will be corrupted because of the evil that is found in everyone. For example, the greatest power civilization has is the power of knowledge, represented by piggyRead MoreEssay on Evil Entrap Everyone: Lord of the Flies841 Words   |  4 PagesEvil Entraps Everyone America is organized, technologically advanced, and easily accessible; Imagine a scenario in which our society vanished out of thin air, leaving humans with only our natural instincts and nature? A similar fictious event occurred at an unknown location on an island, isolating young boys Ralph, Piggy, Jack and many other children in the novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† by William Golding. Lastly, the boys innocence is turned to savagery when being alone on the island corrupts them

Nationalism And Democracy Are Intertwined Within The State

Nationalism and democracy often are co-existent with each other at any time within the state. These interactions that they have with each other culminate in both benefits and problems for society, or sometimes produce a neutral reaction. This essay will explore these interactions that could either be beneficial, detrimental, or neutral in the ways that nationalism and democracy are intertwined within the state. The important notion that nationalism brings to democracy is the concept of conflict. Nationalism creates these tensions between the different members of society as they all seek fair or preferential treatment from the state. Therefore, arguments, tensions, and dissenting opinions are inside every state and if democracy can organize these issues, the state will run smoothly. The opposite is true as well, as extreme nationalism may destroy the state. This requires democracy to ensure that the correct amount of nationalism exists so that society will agree with its government an d progress. The inability to monitor it, however can interrupt the democratic process and degrade the state’s well being. Nationalism creates pride in one’s identity and beliefs, which increases the chance that they will want their wishes to be represented. As Donald L. Horowitz argues, one of the larger factors of democratic failures is ethnic conflict. He writes, â€Å"Ethnic identity provides clear lines to determine who will be included and who will be excluded.† This describes the impact ofShow MoreRelatedThe Public And Political Space Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesinstitutions have had an unbiased and continuous stance and only outside pressures were in play. This assumption is unsupported since some of the reading referenced the overall growing number of more extremist groups, in different parts of society, within a state-centered country that influence religion. None of the authors discuss how this social change has mirrored on an institutional level. There is also a gap in assessing the theological component. Although this legal ban, which later became a fatwaRead MoreThe Conflict Of The Independent Republic Of Azerbaijan1471 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity did not articulate any references to Azeri nationalism in their slogans. Obviously, the Azeri community is more likely to play a role in determining the future direction of Iran’s political evolution than in igniting an ethnically-based separatist movement. Having proven its centuries-long loyalty to the Iranian state and territorial integrity, Azeris are also likely to work within the current political system to address their grievances. Although the emergence of the independent RepublicRead MoreNationalism in a Multicultural Society1904 Words   |  8 PagesNationalism is exclusionary by definition. In a well-argued essay, compare the positive and negative effects of nationalism within a multicultural or multiethnic society. In your answer, discuss the problems that a multicultural society poses to the formation of national identity and why you do or do not believe that nationalism is compatible with the liberal state’s emphasis upon individual rights and freedoms. â€Å"The Age of liberal democracy is also the Age of nationalism† (Bernard Yack, 2003)Read MoreThe Misguided War On Terror1254 Words   |  6 PagesThey should learn about the problems other countries face, and how such problems relate to our own country and the world, and our moral responsibility for them. In this way, we rid ourselves of the â€Å"us-them† mentality, and garner a respect for the intertwined moral interest of human beings. Nussbaum then presents us with four arguments for cosmopolitanism based on the likely positive consequences of such a mentality, the first two of which I agree with wholeheartedly. For one, in the process of learningRead MoreThe Age Of Revolution And The European Revolution1152 Words   |  5 Pages1789 and ended in 1848. During this era, radical citizens and reforming governments in Europe changed the existing laws and the ruling structure in a way that created the forms of the existing modern Europe states. The age was very revolutionary as it gave the introduction to new systems within Europe. The era was both an age of destruction as well as a catalyst for growth. Also, the impacts during this age changed the world socially, politically, and economically. The age even from the fact thatRead MorePhysical Address of Time Square in New York City: Manhattan, NY 100361727 Words   |  7 PagesBenedict Anderson laid out his definition for nationalism and made use of the phrase â₠¬Å"imagined community,† not even he could envision how globalization would affect the globe. This essay is called Manhattan, NY 10036 because this is the physical address of Time Square in New York City. One would probably as the question why would someone put the address of an actual block of land as a title for an essay? The reason is the entire world is intertwined and essentially one giant imagined communityRead MoreMega Events Like The Olympics And Fifa World Cup2251 Words   |  10 Pagesback the organization of international politics, the mega -events show a picture of incredible harmony and cooperation (Segrave, 1988). Inherent in that picture of harmony is the opportunity to spread important ideals such as equality, freedom, and democracy throughout the world. In addition â€Å"global mega events like the world cup and the Olympics have become incredibly effective tools for reorganizing an economy on neoliberal grounds.† The Olympics in particular has emerged as the premier event inRead MoreTransport and Communication Has Made World a Global Village2235 Words   |  9 PagesB E G I N S A N E W C E N T U R Y, some aspects of international politics are experiencing rapid changes amidst other more rigid aspects which refuse change. Two concepts may best capture the nature and scope of this simultaneous static yet fluid state: namely, globalization and national borders. Globalization is currently a fashionable topic—some laud it, claiming that it is the path to peace, prosperity and progress. Others abhor it, attributing to it many evils in world affairs including polarizationRead MoreChristian Speculation about the End of Times1807 Words   |  7 Pagesinto one single moral community called a Church’: for him, ‘the idea of religion is inseparable from that of the Church’ (Durkheim cited in Harvey, 2013, p. 8). This definition fits well with established religion in the past à ¢â‚¬â€œ a strong cohesive force within society, bounding its members together, most often centralised and institutionalised (as the Roman Catholic Church). By contrast, in our modern society, individual choices tend to be prevalent in religious matters, allowing people to freely shiftRead MoreComparison Of Obama s And Xi s Speeches1867 Words   |  8 Pagesestablished formal diplomatic relations. The two countries have faced the pressures of economic transformation, social and political standoffs, and now have moved to a new stage of complex mix of diplomatic issues, differences in values, and increasingly intertwined economy. If the U.S. and China to improve their achievements made in the past, then the U.S. – China relation is likely to surpass the contradictions in cultural, political, economic and social differences, and seek to maximize the mutual benefit

Experiencing Poetry Organizer Essay Example For Students

Experiencing Poetry Organizer Essay What emotion was the author trying to express? Structure: How is the poem organized (lines, stanzas, etc. )? What is unique or interesting about the structure of the poem? Does the poem rhyme? Meaning: What is the poem saying about life or love? Do you agree or disagree with this message? Explain. Are there any other reasonable ways to interpret this poem? Publication: What kind of magazine or other publication would be the best place for this type of poem? Selected Poem Title: Apart (Less Spars)let appears to be about how the poet may be trying to forget about a past relationship. For the most part the poem was understandable. I really enjoyed the 4th line in the 1st stanza, it makes it easier to relate to how disturbed the narrator really is. The poet doesnt use a lot of imagery but he does use metaphors and similes which makes it easier to understand and visualize how he is feeling. The author uses metaphors, similes, and personification. These poetic devices helps create a visual on how the poet is feeling and helps the reader comprehend what the author is trying to say. I believe the emotion that the author was trying to explain is: sadness/ despair. The poem has 4 stanzas, each containing 4 lines. The poet uses repetition throughout this entire poem. This is unique because at the beginning of each stanza and then again at the end of the Tanta the author says do not write This helps emphasize how the author wants to cut off all communication from whoever hurt them so badly. The poem does in fact rhyme. It has an ABA rhyme scheme throughout the whole poem. To me I feel that the poem is giving a negative connotation on love. The way I interpret this poem is that the author is Just so fed up and frustrated with whatever happened between him and his ex-lover that he never wants to speak with them again. I completely agree with the poet. If you get out of a relationship and really loved and cared about that arson then the only way to get over it is to cut off communication and forget about that person entirely. I believe the magazine Love Stinks would be the most appropriate article to place this type of poem in. The magazine is for readers who have been hurt in their past relationships. It comforts them to let them know they are not alone in their sadness or bitterness. When the poet says To knock at my heart is like knocking on a tomb (Simpson, line 4) This shows how cold and hard his heart is after being hurt by love. This will provide comfort for someone who is heart broken.

The Critical Evaluation of Techniques - Application of Technique and Es

Question: Describe about the Critical Evaluation of Techniques, Application of Technique and Estimating the cost of Capital? Answer: Introduction and Summary Royal Airways is listed on local Stock Exchange. It is considering a proposal known as project GAMMA. This project has to be discussed at the finance meeting. In this project we have done some analysis on certain methods of Capital Budgeting like IRR, NPV, Pay Back Period, etc. we have selected Net Present Value for evaluating our project. We select Net Present Value method to evaluate the project because it considers time value of money. There are certain disadvantages of Net Present Value but the factors present in our project does not lead to any such situation that attracts disadvantages. There are many tools through with which we can analyze the feasibility of any capital budgeting project. At a glance these are as follows Internal Rate of Return Net Present Value Pay Back Period Discounted Payback Period Accounting Rate of Return Critical Evaluation of techniques These are explained in detail as follows 1. Internal Rate of Return Under this method the exact rate at which the present value of all cash inflows will be equal to the present value of all cash outflows. Here the NPV is zero. When we evaluate the project in terms of IRR then we can say that that project will be preferred which has higher IRR as compared to the project which have lower IRR. As the one which has higher will yield the amount invested in less time than the one which has lower IRR as it will return the amount invested in more time. It is also known as ERR (Economic Rate of Return). This rate helps in comparing the earnings of two entities. This is also called as discounted cash flow rate of return. When we look from the view point of loan it is also called as effective interest rate. It is also known as annualized effective compounded return rate. IRR is a measure of efficiency, quality, oryieldof an investment. This is in contrast with the net present value, which is an indicator of the value ormagnitudeof an investment. Every company h as its own Internal Rate of Return which is also known as minimum acceptable rate of return or cost of capital. When we evaluate the project in terms of IRR then we can say that that project will be preferred which has higher IRR as compared to the project which have lower IRR. As the one which has higher will yield the amount invested in less time than the one which has lower IRR as it will return the amount invested in more time. The other use of IRR is comparison of capital projects. The example we can relate to expanding versus extension. The company can either purchase a new plant or it can increase the capacity of the existing plant. For this purpose IRR can be used. In order for a project to get accepted the Internal Rate of Return calculated should be more than the companys cost of capital. In case if more than one project have IRR more than the companys cost of capital than that project will be selected which has a higher Internal Rate of Return. Further IRR is helpful in e valuating whether to buyback or not. If a company allocates a substantial amount to a stock buyback, the analysis must show that the company's own stock is a better investment (has a higher IRR) than any other use of the funds for other capital projects, or than any acquisition candidate at current market prices 2. Net Present Value It is a method where we compare two mutually exclusive projects and find out which of them is better. We prefer that project which has higher Net Present Value. It is the difference between two things The present value of cash inflows discounted at ko i.e. cost of capital The present value of all cash outflows discounted at ko i.e. cost of capital This helps in analyzing the profitability of a project. The best advantage of NPV is that it utilizes time value of money which means that a dollar earned today will not be as worthy as a dollar earned tomorrow or in future. Either its value will increase or decrease depending upon the economic condition of a country to which the currency belongs. The only difficulty with this method is to identify or calculate the discount rate. This calculation is subjective. Many things are required to be considered The rate which is used to discount future cash flows to the present value is a key aspect of this process. The weighted average cost of capital is the one which is most often used. But many researchers believe that it is better to use a discount rate which is much higher as it will be able to adjust the risk, opportunity cost and certain other factors like duration, etc. A variable discount rate with higher rates applied to cash flows occurring further along the time span might be used to reflect theyield curvepremium for long-term debt. The better approach of calculating discount rate is the CAPM model. It is known as Capita Asset Pricing Model. This is a model that shows relationship between two things. One is risk and the other is other is expected return in the mindset of the investors. This model helps in pricing securities. Here the approach is to compensate the investor in two forms. One is the time value of money and the other is the risk they take by investing in the company. The time value of money has a denotation risk free rate. This is the one that compensate the investors. One can say it is an opportunity cost, the cost of next best alternative forgone. This rate is calculated by using a risk factor known as beta. Basically beta helps a company in comparing results with the other firms in the market. It is the expected return that an investor expects from the market. It consists of certain terms such as Rf which is known as risk free rate, Rm which is known as Risk premium and b which is known as Beta. Net Present value indicates the amount of premium an investment adds to the project it means how much one gets over and above his investment. The only disadvantage of this method is that when we compare projects with different lives we cannot come to conclusion using this method. Under this method the focus is only on the difference between the inflow and the outflow. Both are discounted at cost of capital. A project that has a higher duration than the project which has a lesser duration is assumed to be same under this. Here a modified IRR is used. Further we assume that there is no new investment in between the project If... Result Action to be taken NPV 0 The company should go with the project The chances of acceptance of a project increases NPV 0 The company will incur losses by accepting such project No need to accept the project NPV = 0 The company will be indifferent Use other techniques to evaluate the project such as IRR, Payback and Discounted Payback 3. Payback Period This method is used under capital budgeting to evaluate the time period in which the amount invested will be recovered by the entity. One can say it as a breakeven point. Payback period is the time period within which an entity will recover its investment of its cash inflow. But the negative side of payback period is that it does not consider time value of money. For the purpose of decision making those projects are preferred that have a shorter payback period than those that have a higher payback period. The best part of it is that this method is easy to apply than all the other methods. The solution can be arrived quickly. It is very easy to understand irrespective of the field in which one is working. 4. Discounted Pay Back Period The project takes years to implement. In between these years it may happen that the entity starts earnings that might result in cash inflows and these inflows reduce the amount of investment. Discounted Payback Period is the amount of time required to recover the cost of the investment made in the project. Here we add all positive discounted cash flows. The only advantage of Discounted Payback Period over payback period is that Discounted Payback Period considers time value of money whereas payback period does not consider time value of money. All those projects that have negative NPV will never have a Discounted Payback Period. Future cash flows are considered are discounted to time "zero." 5. Accounting Rate of Return This is the amount or rate of return an investor can expect based on his/her investment made on the company. It divides the average profits earned by the company with the initial investments in order to get the rate of return in the project. This helps any investor to make a comparison the profit potential for projects, products and investments. The ARR is a percentage return. Say, if ARR = 7%, then it means that the project is expected to earn seven cents out of each dollar invested (yearly). If the ARR is equal to or greater than the required rate of return, the project is acceptable. If it is less than the desired rate, it should be rejected. When comparing investments, the higher the ARR, the more attractive the investment.Over one-half of large firms calculate ARR when appraising projects. ARR=Average Return during the period/Average Investment Average Investment = Book value at the beginning of the year 1+ book value at the end of the useful life/2 Application of the Technique We select Net Present Value method to evaluate the project because it considers time value of money. There are certain disadvantages of Net Present Value but the factors present in our project does not lead to any such situation that attracts disadvantages. The calculations are done as follows Particulars Year 0 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Receipt or Inflow Total No. of Passengers 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 Fare per passenger RM3,100.00 RM3,100.00 RM3,255.00 RM3,417.75 RM3,588.64 RM3,768.07 Total Receipt RM10,230,000.00 RM10,741,500.00 RM11,278,575.00 RM11,842,503.75 RM12,434,628.94 Outflow or Expenditure Depreciation RM2,000,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 Refreshment Cost RM8,000,000.00 RM8,000,000.00 RM8,400,000.00 RM8,820,000.00 RM9,261,000.00 RM9,724,050.00 Earnings Lost RM90,000.00 RM90,000.00 RM94,500.00 RM99,225.00 RM104,186.25 RM109,395.56 Additional Cost RM450,000.00 RM450,000.00 RM472,500.00 RM496,125.00 RM520,931.25 RM546,977.81 Maintenance Material RM385,000.00 RM385,000.00 RM404,250.00 RM424,462.50 RM445,685.63 RM467,969.91 Cabin Crew Staff RM160,000.00 RM160,000.00 RM168,000.00 RM176,400.00 RM185,220.00 RM194,481.00 Total Cost RM9,285,000.00 RM9,739,250.00 RM10,216,212.50 RM10,717,023.13 RM11,242,874.28 Net Profit RM945,000.00 RM1,002,250.00 RM1,062,362.50 RM1,125,480.63 RM1,191,754.66 Tax Rate 25% 25% 25% 25% 25% Tax RM236,250.00 RM250,562.50 RM265,590.63 RM281,370.16 RM297,938.66 Profit After Tax RM708,750.00 RM751,687.50 RM796,771.88 RM844,110.47 RM893,815.99 Add: Depreciation RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 RM200,000.00 Cash profit After Tax RM908,750.00 RM951,687.50 RM996,771.88 RM1,044,110.47 RM1,093,815.99 By using Net Present value we see the following results Year Cash Flow After Tax PVF @ 11.64% Discounted PVF 1 RM908,750.00 RM0.90 RM814,000.36 2 RM951,687.50 RM0.80 RM763,580.29 3 RM996,771.88 RM0.72 RM716,368.19 4 RM1,044,110.47 RM0.64 RM672,151.45 5 RM1,093,815.99 RM0.58 RM630,732.38 Net Present value RM3,596,832.67 Estimation of Cost of Capital Cost of capital It is basically the cost that has to be paid by an entity for financing a business. It mainly depends on the modes of financing used. In case if the whole entity is financed through just equity capital then the cost of capital is the cost of equity. As equity shareholders cannot demand right in the profits. The cost of capital is the dividend that is paid to them every year. It changes every year if the company has profits that are volatile. In case if the entity is financed through debt or loan then the cost of debt is the cost of capital. It is the interest that is paid to the debt holders. But in case if the company has a mixture of equity and debt then we use the term weighted average cost of capital and not cost of capital. It is also known as hurdle rate that the entity must ensure before it can generate value. This is more widely used in capital budgeting process. Cost of capital is a cost of entitys funds. We look to it from the point of view of the investor. The investors expect a minimum return on their investment. This is used for evaluating capital budgeting decisions. In order for an investment to be attractive the expected return on its capital must be greater than the cost of capital of the company. This is the minimum return that is expected by an investor when he/she/it invests in the entity. One can term it as a bench mark that has to be met for any project. Cost of capital consists of two things. 1. Cost of debt: These are loans borrowed from outside institutions and debentures. The company pays interest in the form of cost of debt. The cost of debt is calculated by taking a risk free bond as a base which has duration similar to the debt raised by an entity. A premium is added depending upon the risk class. The rate is than discounted by tax rate as the interest is a tax deductible item. So the entity gets the benefit of tax savings on it. The formula is written as (Risk free rate + credit risk rate)(1-Tax rate). 2. Cost of equity: The dividend that is paid to them every year. The formula is shown as follows Cost of equity = Risk free rate of return + Premium expected for risk Cost of equity = Risk free rate of return + Beta x (market rate of return- risk free rate of return) where Beta= sensitivity to movements in the relevant market Es=Rf+Bs(Rm-Rf) Where Es= The expected return on security Rf= the expected risk free return on the market Bs=the beta or the sensitivity to the market risk Rm= the market return (Rm-Rf)= risk premium The risk free rate is taken from the lowest yielding bonds in the particular market, such asgovernment bonds. The computation of cost of capital for the company is done as follow. We see that the growth rate is 8% and this will continue till perpetuity. Here we will calculate the cost of equity from Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM This is a model that shows relationship between two things. One is risk and the other is other is expected return in the mindset of the investors. This model helps in pricing securities. Here the approach is to compensate the investor in two forms. One is the time value of money and the other is the risk they take by investing in the company. The time value of money has a denotation risk free rate. This is the one that compensate the investors. One can say it is an opportunity cost, the cost of next best alternative forgone. This rate is calculated by using a risk factor known as beta. Basically beta helps a company in comparing results with the other firms in the market. It is the expected return that an investor expects from the market. It consists of certain terms such as Rf which is known as risk free rate, Rm which is known as Risk premium and b which is known as Beta. The Cash flows are discounted at Weighted Average Cost of Capital i.e. 11.64%. this is calculated as follows Calculation of cost of debt Particulars $ Rate 12% Term of debt 15 years Redemption Value $1,153.72 Face value $1,000.00 Interest $120.00 Tax 25% After tax interest $90.00 Kd 7.40% Calculation of Cost of Preferred Stock Particulars $ Dividend $10.00 Market price $111.10 Kp 9.00% Calculation of Equity Stock Particulars $ Market Price $50.00 Do(Last Dividend) $4.19 Growth Rate 5% Next Dividend $4.40 Ke 13.80% Ke as per CAPM Risk Free Rate 7% Beta 1.2 Risk Premium 6% Ke 14.20% Calculation of Weighted Average Cost of Capital WACC % Weight Weighted Average Ke 14.2 0.6 8.52 Kp 9 0.1 0.9 Kd 7.4 0.3 2.22 WACC 11.64% Notes forming part of calculations 1. There are certain costs which are irrelevant and are ignored in calculations. These are known to be sunk cost. Under Capital Budgeting, those costs which are already incurred are known as sunk cost and are not relevant for the project. An outflow that has already been done and there are no chances that the cost incurred will be. There is a difference between sunk cost and other cost, future costs that a business has to incur. The examples of these are inventory costs or RD expenses. These costs have no relation with future. They are independent cost. Market research cost RM 250000 and the cost of retrenched employee is sunk cost. 2. The remaining costs are relevant cost. One can say all the variable cost that differ from project to project is relevant cost. 3. Depreciation comes into picture when the tax rate is given as the entity can get the benefit of tax savings on depreciation. Conclusion The company can go with NPV method. We see that the NPV is positive. It is RM 3596833. So Royal Airways should go with the project. But while undertaking the project it should consider certain assumptions. These earnings or the net inflow received during the year are not invested in the current project and are set aside. The company should also continue beyond five years. The company should scarp the machine after five years and it should purchase a new one and should continue with the project. The return on this project for all five years is approimately 30% which is relly a handful investment. Further the inflows of all the years should be again invested when earned as it will earn the company more profit. It can invest in fixed deposits also. The project is feasible and viable. 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